OMSB_OEN Exam Dumps

Retinal Detachment and Retinopexy:

Retinal detachment is a serious condition where the retina peels away from its underlying layer. Retinopexy surgery is performed to reattach the retina.

Initial Nursing Interventions:

Eye patch and dressing: Helps maintain pressure on the retina and prevent movement that could disrupt the reattachment process.

Prone position and avoiding lying on surgical side: These are not specific standard initial interventions.

Aseptic technique: Important but not the primary initial intervention for maintaining retinal attachment pressure.

American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) guidelines on Retinal Detachment

Mayo Clinic guidelines on Retinopexy Surgery

In a chest physical assessment of a client with asthma, the nurse expects to hear wheezes.

Wheezes: These are high-pitched, musical sounds heard during expiration (and sometimes inspiration) caused by narrowing or obstruction of the airways.

Stridor: This is a high-pitched sound usually heard on inspiration, typically associated with upper airway obstruction, not asthma.

Crackles: These are popping sounds heard during inspiration, often associated with conditions like pneumonia or heart failure, not typical for asthma.

Diminished Lung Sounds: This can occur in severe asthma but is less common compared to wheezes.

American Thoracic Society: Asthma Diagnosis and Monitoring

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID): Asthma Symptoms and Diagnosis

Soft Bulge in Vagina:

This symptom could indicate a pelvic organ prolapse, such as a uterine or bladder prolapse, which requires medical evaluation and treatment.

Immediate Action:

Referral to Doctor: Immediate referral is necessary for proper diagnosis and to plan appropriate treatment.

Diet and Reassurance: These are important but secondary actions after the initial medical assessment.

Kegel Exercises: While beneficial for pelvic floor strengthening, they are not the immediate action in response to a significant prolapse.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)

Mayo Clinic Guidelines on Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Chronic Conditions and ADLs:

Older adults are more likely to suffer from chronic conditions such as arthritis, hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes. These conditions can lead to some limitations in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), which include tasks like bathing, dressing, eating, and walking.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), chronic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in the United States, and they significantly impact the quality of life of older adults.

Living Arrangements:

While many older adults do live independently or in home care settings, a significant number also live with chronic conditions that impact their ADLs, hence answer B is less accurate compared to A.

As per the Administration for Community Living (ACL), the majority of older adults do live independently; however, chronic conditions still play a significant role in their daily lives.

Labor Force Participation:

There is an increase in the percentage of older adults in the labor force, but this is not a primary characteristic affecting most older adults today.

Marital Status and Mortality:

Studies have shown that married individuals often have a lower mortality rate compared to unmarried individuals, making option D incorrect.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Administration for Community Living (ACL)

A missed abortion refers to a situation where the fetus dies in the uterus but is not expelled. This condition is also known as a silent miscarriage. The woman may not experience the typical symptoms of miscarriage, such as bleeding or cramping, and the diagnosis is often made during a routine ultrasound when no fetal heartbeat is detected. Complete abortion involves the complete expulsion of fetal tissue, inevitable abortion is when the miscarriage cannot be stopped, and threatened abortion refers to any bleeding in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy without cervical dilation.