OMSB_OEN Exam Dumps

Bladder Exstrophy and Surgical Repair:

Bladder exstrophy is a congenital condition where the bladder develops outside the body. Surgical repair is performed to place the bladder back inside the abdomen and reconstruct the pelvic area.

Long-term Management:

High-fiber diet and physical activities: While maintaining a healthy diet and physical activity is important, they are not the primary focus in this condition.

Tub baths: Discouraging tub baths post-surgery might be a temporary measure to prevent infection but not a long-term management focus.

Fertility Counseling: Bladder exstrophy can impact the reproductive system and future fertility. Providing counseling regarding fertility status is crucial for the parents to understand potential long-term effects and prepare for any necessary interventions or treatments in the future.

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

American Urological Association (AUA)

When an incident such as a patient fall occurs, specific protocols must be followed to ensure proper documentation and quality improvement processes.

Writing the Incident Report Immediately: The nurse should document the incident as soon as possible to ensure accurate details are captured.

Investigating the Root Cause of the Incident: This is essential to prevent future occurrences and improve patient safety. It involves a thorough analysis of the factors that led to the incident.

Writing the Incident Report by the Assigned Nurse: The nurse who witnessed or discovered the incident is typically responsible for documenting it, ensuring first-hand accuracy.

Documenting the Incident Report in Patient's Record: This is incorrect. Incident reports are meant for internal use to track and analyze incidents and should not be included in the patient's medical record. Including it in the patient's record can potentially compromise confidentiality and affect the patient's care.

The Joint Commission: Sentinel Event Policy and Procedures

National Patient Safety Foundation: Guidelines for Incident Reporting

An echocardiogram is a diagnostic test used to detect hypokinetic (reduced movement) and akinetic (no movement) wall motion of the heart and to assess the ejection fraction, which measures the percentage of blood leaving the heart each time it contracts. This test uses ultrasound waves to create images of the heart's structure and function. An electrocardiogram (ECG) records the electrical activity of the heart, angiography visualizes blood vessels, and a stress test evaluates the heart's response to physical exertion.

Cushing Syndrome Symptoms:

Cushing syndrome is characterized by high levels of cortisol which can lead to brittle bones (osteoporosis), easy bruising, and muscle weakness.

Best Nursing Actions:

Review Calcium Level: Important but not the immediate priority to prevent fractures.

Orthopedic Clinic Visit: Necessary for follow-up but not the immediate action.

High Protein Diet: Important for muscle strength but secondary to immediate safety.

Protective Environment: Preventing falls and injuries is the best immediate action to avoid further fractures and bruising. Ensuring the patient's environment is safe and free from hazards is essential.

Mayo Clinic guidelines on Cushing Syndrome

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE)

A missed abortion refers to a situation where the fetus dies in the uterus but is not expelled. This condition is also known as a silent miscarriage. The woman may not experience the typical symptoms of miscarriage, such as bleeding or cramping, and the diagnosis is often made during a routine ultrasound when no fetal heartbeat is detected. Complete abortion involves the complete expulsion of fetal tissue, inevitable abortion is when the miscarriage cannot be stopped, and threatened abortion refers to any bleeding in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy without cervical dilation.