Nokia 4A0-205 Exam Dumps

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Nokia Optical Networking Fundamentals:

In the Nokia 1830 PSS (Photonic Service Switch) architecture, the Colorless Wavelength Router (CWR) is a specialized module used within ROADM nodes to enable 'colorless' add/drop capabilities. Traditional static multiplexers, like the SFD (Static Filter Device), use fixed-wavelength ports where a specific port is hard-wired to a specific frequency (color). In contrast, a CWR allows any wavelength to be added or dropped from any of its ports.

The ports on a CWR are bi-directional. This means that a single physical port on the CWR card handles both the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) paths for a specific wavelength, typically connecting to a transponder's line-side interface. This bi-directional design simplifies fiber management within the shelf and is a key requirement for the 'Colorless' attribute of modern flexible grids. By utilizing CWR modules, operators can remotely retune a transponder to a different frequency without needing a technician to physically move fiber patches to a different port on a multiplexer, significantly increasing operational efficiency and reducing human error during service provisioning or restoration.

Node creation, systems validation and system provisioning. The CPB (Commissioning Parameter Builder) application is used to generate commissioning files for a Nokia 1830 Photonic Service Switch (PSS-1) and can be used to create new nodes, validate the system configuration, and provision the system with the appropriate settings and parameters. Power adjustment and generation of system loss report are not related to CPB.

NFM-T is a network management system designed to manage optical networks in a unified manner. It is used to design, manage, and provision optical services having IP nodes as extremities. It supports a variety of technologies, including optical and IP, and fully supports LO, LI, L2, and GMPLS applications. It is mainly focused on the Nokia 1830 PSS product family, as well as other older product families.

This is done in order to keep the NFM-T database in sync with the nodes in the network. The synchronization process allows the NFM-T to keep track of any changes that are made to the nodes, such as new nodes added, nodes removed, and so on. By synchronizing the node database with the NFM-T, network administrators can ensure that their network is up to date and running efficiently.

FlexGrid is a flexible grid technology that allows for variable channel spacing and bandwidth allocation. It uses the same sets of boards as the traditional fixed grid systems and it does not require upgrading the old generation WDM systems.

'Flexible Grid Optical Networks: From Concepts to Realizations' by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis

'Flexible Grid and Flexible Spectrum Optical Networks' by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis

'Flexible Grid Optical Networks' by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis