LPI 010-160 Exam Dumps

The distribution's package repository is the preferred source for the installation of new applications in a Linux based operating system. A package repository is a collection of software packages that are maintained by the distribution and can be easily installed, updated, or removed using a package manager. Package repositories offer several advantages, such as:

They ensure compatibility and stability with the system and other packages.

They provide security updates and bug fixes for the packages.

They reduce the risk of malware or corrupted files.

They simplify the dependency management and configuration of the packages.

The other sources are not preferred because they may not offer these benefits and may cause problems with the system. The vendor's version management system, the vendor's website, or a CD-ROM disk may contain packages that are not compatible with the distribution or may conflict with other packages. A retail store may not have the latest or the most suitable packages for the system.Reference:

Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 1.3 Installing, Updating and Removing Software Packages

LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition, chapter 4 Working on the Command Line, section 4.2 Managing Software

Table of Contents - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs, section 1.3 Installing, Updating and Removing Software Packages

: The ls command is used to list the files and directories in a given path. By default, the ls command displays only the file names, without any additional information. However, the ls command can also take various options to modify its output. For example, the -l option tells ls to display the long format, which includes the file permissions, owner, group, size, date, and name. The -h option tells ls to display the file sizes in a human-readable format, such as KB, MB, GB, etc. The -a option tells ls to display all files, including the hidden ones that start with a dot (.). The -n option tells ls to display the numeric user ID and group ID instead of the user name and group name. Therefore, the only option that does not add any additional information to the file names is the -a option. The command ls -a will display all the file names in the current directory, including the hidden ones, but nothing else.Reference:

Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 2.1.1

2.1 Lesson 1 - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs, slide 6.

The sort command is used to sort the lines of a file or a stream of input according to a specified criterion, such as alphabetical order, numerical order, reverse order, etc. By default, the sort command sorts the lines in ascending alphabetical order, using the first character of each line as the key. For example, the command sort data.csv will sort the lines of the file data.csv in alphabetical order and display the output on the screen. If you want to save the sorted output to a new file, you can use the redirection operator (>) to specify the output file name. For example, the command sort data.csv > sorted_data.csv will sort the lines of the file data.csv in alphabetical order and save the output to a new file named sorted_data.csv. The other commands are either invalid or do not perform the sorting operation. The a...z command does not exist, the abc command is a text editor, the wc command counts the number of words, lines, and bytes in a file, and the grep command searches for a pattern in a file or a stream of input. Therefore, the correct answer is B.Reference:

Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 2.3.2

LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition, chapter 4, page 95.

The main difference between hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid state drives (SSDs) is the way they store and access data. HDDs use a spinning disk (platter) and a moving head to read and write data, while SSDs use flash memory chips that have no moving parts. This makes SSDs faster, quieter, and more durable than HDDs, but also more expensive and less spacious. HDDs and SSDs are both I/O devices that can be used to boot the system and store data, but they have different advantages and disadvantages depending on the use case.Reference:

Difference between Hard Disk Drive (HDD) and Solid State Drive (SSD)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) vs. Solid State Drive (SSD): What's the Difference?

How to Check Whether Your Disk Is an SSD or HDD on Linux

The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The permissions are represented by three sets of three characters, indicating the permissions for the owner, the group, and the others. Each character can be either r (read), w (write), x (execute), or - (no permission). The chmod command can use either symbolic or numeric mode to specify the permissions. In this question, the numeric mode is used, which consists of three digits from 0 to 7. Each digit is the sum of the permissions for each set, where r is 4, w is 2, and x is 1. For example, 7 means rwx, 6 means rw-, and 4 means r--. Therefore, the command chmod 654 file.txt sets the permissions as follows:

The first digit 6 means rw- for the owner, which means the owner can read and write the file, but not execute it.

The second digit 5 means r-x for the group, which means the group can read and execute the file, but not write it.

The third digit 4 means r-- for the others, which means the others can only read the file, but not write or execute it.

The resulting permissions are -rw-r-xr--, which is the correct answer. The other options are incorrect because they either have the wrong permissions or the wrong file type. A regular file does not have the d (directory) prefix, and a directory cannot have the - (no file type) prefix.Reference:

Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Objectives: 4.1.Ownership and Permissions1

Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Exam Study Resources: Linux Essentials Manual - Chapter 8. Security and File Permissions - 8.1. Ownership and Permissions - 8.1.1.The chmod Command2

Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Exam Study Resources: Linux Essentials Manual - Appendix A. Answers to the Exercises - Chapter 8. Security and File Permissions - 8.1.Ownership and Permissions - Exercise 8.1.12