ISC2 CISSP Exam Dumps

Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) authentication is accomplished by using clear text and shared secret keys. RADIUS is a protocol that provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting for remote network access. RADIUS uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) to communicate between the client and the server. RADIUS authentication uses clear text to send the username and password of the user, but it also uses a shared secret key to encrypt a message authentication code (MAC) that is appended to the packet. The MAC is used to verify the integrity and authenticity of the packet. The shared secret key is only known by the client and the server, and it is never transmitted over the network. The other options are not correct. RADIUS does not use firewall rules, Virtual Private Networks (VPN), or asymmetric encryption keys for authentication.Reference:Official (ISC)2 CISSP CBK Reference, Fifth Edition, Domain 4: Communication and Network Security, p. 503-504;CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, Eighth Edition, Chapter 4: Communication and Network Security, p. 228-229.

Split-tunneling is a configuration that allows remote clients to access both the public and private network simultaneously through a VPN connection. This poses a security concern, because it increases the attack surface and exposes the private network to potential threats from the public network.Remote sessions may still require multi-layer authentication, multiple IPSec tunnels may not be exploitable in specific circumstances, and the NIDS may still inspect SSL traffic, depending on the VPN configuration34.Reference:CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, Eighth Edition, Chapter 6, page 473;100 CISSP Questions, Answers and Explanations, Question 16.

The technology that would provide the best alternative to anti-malware software is application whitelisting. Anti-malware software is a software program that detects, prevents, and removes malware, such as viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, or spyware, from a computer or a network. Anti-malware software usually relies on signature-based detection, which means that it compares the files or processes on the computer or the network with a database of known malware signatures, and blocks or deletes the files or processes that match the signatures. However, anti-malware software has some limitations and drawbacks, such as being unable to detect new or unknown malware, being vulnerable to evasion or tampering techniques, consuming system resources and bandwidth, or requiring frequent updates and maintenance. Application whitelisting is a technology that allows only authorized or trusted applications to run on a computer or a network, and blocks or denies all other applications. Application whitelisting can provide a better alternative to anti-malware software, as it can prevent malware from executing or infecting the computer or the network, regardless of whether the malware is known or unknown, or whether it uses evasion or tampering techniques. Application whitelisting can also improve the performance and stability of the computer or the network, as it reduces the system overhead and the network traffic. However, application whitelisting also has some challenges and risks, such as being difficult to implement and manage, being incompatible with some applications or systems, or being susceptible to bypass or exploitation methods. Host-based Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS), host-based firewalls, and application sandboxing are not the best alternatives to anti-malware software, as they are either not as effective or not as efficient as application whitelisting, or they serve different purposes or functions than anti-malware software.Reference:

[Anti-malware Software]

[Application Whitelisting]

[Application Whitelisting vs. Blacklisting: Which Is More Secure?]

Cross-talk is a type of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) phenomenon that occurs when signals from one cable or circuit interfere with signals from another cable or circuit. Cross-talk can create information leakage by allowing an attacker to eavesdrop on or modify the transmitted data. Cross-talk can be caused by electromagnetic induction, capacitive coupling, or common impedance coupling.Cross-talk can be reduced by using shielded cables, twisted pairs, or optical fibers123.Reference:

Identifying and Locating Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), Section: Types of Interference

Radio Frequency Interference: an NWP perspective on the RFI 2022 workshop, Section: Categories of Interference

What is Radio Frequency Interference (RFI)? - Definition ... - Techopedia, Section: Definition

The most likely action that will allow the organization to keep risk at an acceptable level is separating the security function into distinct roles. Separating the security function into distinct roles means to create and assign the specific and dedicated roles or positions for the security activities and initiatives, such as the security planning, the security implementation, the security monitoring, or the security auditing, and to separate them from the normal IT operations. Separating the security function into distinct roles can help to keep risk at an acceptable level, as it can enhance the security performance and effectiveness, by providing the authority, the resources, the guidance, and the accountability for the security roles, and by supporting the principle of least privilege and the separation of duties. Increasing the amount of audits performed by third parties, removing privileged accounts from operational staff, and assigning privileged functions to appropriate staff are not the most likely actions that will allow the organization to keep risk at an acceptable level, as they are related to the evaluation, the restriction, or the allocation of the security access or activity, not the separation of the security function into distinct roles.Reference:CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, Eighth Edition, Chapter 1, Security and Risk Management, page 32.Official (ISC)2 CISSP CBK Reference, Fifth Edition, Chapter 1, Security and Risk Management, page 47.