Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
To determine whether the statement is true or false, we need to analyze the OSPF network, the cost values of the links, the primary and backup paths, and the role of OSPF IP Fast Reroute (FRR) enabled on R1. Let's break it down step by step:
Understanding the Network Topology and Costs:
The network consists of four routers: R1, R2, R3, and R4.
The destination network is 10.0.3.3/32, located at R3.
The link costs are as follows:
R1 to R2: Cost = 10
R1 to R4: Cost = 10
R4 to R2: Cost = 20
R2 to R3: Cost = 5
The total cost of a path is the sum of the costs of all links in that path.
Calculating the Primary Path Cost (R1 -> R2 -> R3):
Path: R1 -> R2 (cost = 10) -> R3 (cost = 5)
Total cost = 10 + 5 = 15
This is the shortest path (lowest cost) from R1 to R3, as stated in the question. OSPF uses the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path based on link costs, so R1 will naturally select R1 -> R2 -> R3 as the primary path to reach 10.0.3.3/32.
Calculating the Backup Path Cost (R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3):
Path: R1 -> R4 (cost = 10) -> R2 (cost = 20) -> R3 (cost = 5)
Total cost = 10 + 20 + 5 = 35
This path has a higher cost (35) compared to the primary path (15), which is expected for a backup path. The backup path is not used under normal conditions but is precomputed for fast failover in case the primary path fails.
Role of OSPF IP Fast Reroute (FRR):
OSPF IP FRR is a mechanism designed to provide fast convergence in case of link or node failures by precomputing backup paths. When enabled on R1, FRR ensures that R1 has a precomputed backup path to quickly switch traffic to an alternate route (e.g., R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3) if the primary path (R1 -> R2 -> R3) fails.
FRR typically uses Loop-Free Alternates (LFA) or other techniques to ensure the backup path does not create loops and is immediately available. In this case, the backup path R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3 is valid because:
It does not loop back to R1.
It reaches R3, the destination.
The cost (35) is higher than the primary path (15), but this is acceptable for a backup path.
The question states that OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1, and the backup path is explicitly given as R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3. This aligns with FRR's purpose of maintaining a precomputed backup path.
Verifying the Statement:
The statement claims: ''The primary path from R1 to 10.0.3.3/32 is R1 -> R2 -> R3, and the backup path is R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3.''
We calculated that the primary path (R1 -> R2 -> R3) has a cost of 15, which is the shortest path and correct for OSPF's behavior.
The backup path (R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3) has a cost of 35, which is higher but valid as a backup path, especially with OSPF IP FRR enabled on R1 to ensure fast failover.
Both paths are correctly identified in the question, and OSPF IP FRR's presence on R1 supports the existence of a precomputed backup path. Therefore, the statement is accurate.
Conclusion:
The primary path (R1 -> R2 -> R3) and backup path (R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3) are correctly described, and OSPF IP FRR on R1 ensures the backup path is precomputed and ready for use. Thus, the statement is true.
Reference (Based on HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Concepts):
OSPF Path Calculation: HCIP-Datacom documentation on OSPF's Dijkstra algorithm and cost-based path selection (e.g., Section on OSPF Routing Metrics).
OSPF IP Fast Reroute (FRR): HCIP-Datacom coverage of FRR mechanisms, including Loop-Free Alternates and backup path computation (e.g., Chapter on OSPF Advanced Features and High Availability).
Link Cost and Path Optimization: HCIP-Datacom explanation of link cost configuration and OSPF path selection (e.g., Section on OSPF Network Design and Optimization).
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