Fortinet NSE6_FSW-7.2 Exam Dumps

Tail-drop mode is a congestion management technique used in network devices, including FortiSwitches, to handle congestion on network ports:

Tail-Drop Mode (A):

Behavior: When a queue reaches its maximum capacity on a congested port, tail-drop mode simply drops any incoming packets that arrive after the buffer is full. This continues until the congestion is alleviated and there is space in the queue to accommodate new packets.

Application: This is a straightforward approach used when the device's buffer allocated to the port becomes full due to sustained high traffic, preventing buffer overflow and maintaining system stability.

Reference: For more details on congestion management techniques and settings on FortiSwitch, you can refer to the configuration manuals available on: Fortinet Product Documentation

When loop guard is enabled on port1 and port2 configured with the same native VLAN (VLAN 10), there are specific scenarios under which port1 can be shut down due to loop guard operation:

A . port1 was shut down by loop guard protection. Loop guard is a specific feature used in network environments to prevent alternative or redundant loops. When loop guard is active, it can shut down a port if it stops receiving BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) on a port that is expected to receive them, assuming a loop or link failure and putting the port into an inconsistent state to prevent potential loops.

B . STP triggered a loop and applied loop guard protection on port1. If the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) detects a loop or loss of BPDU transmissions while loop guard is enabled, it will proactively shut down the port to prevent network instability or a broadcast storm. This is an essential function of loop guard within the context of STP, providing additional protection against topology changes that could introduce loops.

Additional details about loop guard functionality and STP interaction can be found in the FortiSwitch administration guides, accessible via Fortinet Documentation.

The MAC address '00:50:56:96:e3:fc' appearing in two different VLANs (4089 and 4094) in the diagnostic output indicates it is a MAC address associated with a device that supports traffic from multiple VLANs. Such a behavior is typical of network infrastructure devices like switches or routers, which are configured to allow traffic from various VLANs to pass through a single physical or logical interface. This is essential in network designs that utilize VLANs to segregate network traffic for different departments or use cases while using the same physical infrastructure.

For more detailed information on MAC table diagnostics and VLAN configurations in FortiGate devices, refer to the official Fortinet documentation: Fortinet Product Documentation.

The provided debug output indicates that the FortiSwitch is sending FortiLink heartbeats to the FortiGate and is currently waiting to join the stack group. Here's a breakdown of the relevant lines:

Line 1: Shows the date, time, elapsed time since boot, and process ID for the FortiLink event handler.

573s:160ms: 74us translates to roughly 573 seconds, 160 milliseconds, and 74 microseconds since uptime.

Event 101: This indicates the FortiSwitch is in a 'wait join' state (FL_STATE_WAIT_JOIN). This means it's discovered by the FortiGate and is awaiting further instructions to join the FortiLink stack group.

switchname S424DPTF20000029: This displays the serial number of the FortiSwitch.

flags 0x401: The specific flag meaning might depend on the FortiSwitch model and version, but it likely indicates general communication between the switch and FortiGate.

Lines 2 and onward: These lines show subsequent events with similar timestamps, suggesting a regular heartbeat interval. There are also instances of the FortiSwitch sending packets to the FortiGate (indicated by pkt-sent).

Why the Other Options Are Less Likely:

C . FortiSwitch is discovered and authorized by FortiGate. While discovery might have happened before these lines, the 'wait join' state suggests authorization hasn't necessarily completed yet.

D . FortiSwitch is ready to push its new hostname to FortiGate. There's no explicit indication of hostname changes in this excerpt. The focus is on joining the stack group.

In Summary:

The key point is the 'FL_STATE_WAIT_JOIN' state, which signifies the FortiSwitch is ready to be fully integrated but is waiting for further commands from the FortiGate to complete the process.

While FortiSwitch can collect all the listed LLDP-MED TLVs (Network Policy, Power Management, Location, and Inventory Management), the primary focus for tracking and identifying network devices is on the Inventory Management TLV.

This TLV carries critical details such as:

Manufacturer

Model

Hardware/Firmware versions

Serial/Asset numbers

This information provides a granular understanding of the devices on your network.