Fortinet FCSS_EFW_AD-7.4 Exam Dumps

The Configuration Revision History window in FortiManager shows that the most recent configuration change (ID 10) was created by script_manager with the action Retrieved.

Since script_manager is a system-level script execution user, the IT team needs to find who actually triggered this script. This can be done by:

Checking the FortiManager system logs for script execution events.

Using the type=script filter to locate the administrator associated with the script execution.

This IPsec Phase 1 configuration defines a dynamic VPN tunnel that can accept connections from multiple peers. The settings chosen here suggest a configuration optimized for networks with intermittent traffic patterns while ensuring resources are used efficiently.

Key configurations and their impact:

set type dynamic This allows multiple peers to establish connections dynamically without needing predefined IP addresses.

set ike-version 2 Uses IKEv2, which is more efficient and supports features like EAP authentication and reduced rekeying overhead.

set dpd on-idle Dead Peer Detection (DPD) is triggered only when the tunnel is idle, reducing unnecessary keep-alive packets and improving resource utilization.

set add-route enable FortiGate automatically adds the route to the routing table when the tunnel is established, ensuring connectivity when needed.

set proposal aes128-sha256 aes256-sha256 Uses strong encryption and hashing algorithms, ensuring a secure connection.

set keylife 28800 Sets a longer key lifetime (8 hours), reducing the frequency of rekeying, which is beneficial for stable connections.

Because DPD is set to on-idle, the tunnel will not constantly send keep-alive messages but will still ensure connectivity when traffic is detected. This makes the configuration ideal for networks with regular but non-continuous traffic, balancing security and resource efficiency.

In an IBGP (Internal BGP) network, all routers must be fully meshed, meaning every router must establish a BGP session with every other router in the same autonomous system (AS). This does not scale well in large networks due to the exponential increase in BGP sessions.

To optimize and scale IBGP, Route Reflectors (RRs) are used. A Route Reflector (RR) reduces the number of IBGP peer connections by allowing a centralized router (RR) to redistribute IBGP routes to other IBGP peers (called clients). This eliminates the need for a full mesh, significantly reducing BGP session overhead.

By configuring the route-reflector-client setting on IBGP peers, an administrator can:

Scale IBGP sessions by reducing the number of direct BGP peer connections.

Optimize the routing table by ensuring routes are efficiently propagated within the IBGP network.

Eliminate the need for full mesh topology, making IBGP more manageable.

When standardizing the deployment of FortiGate devices across branches using FortiManager, the best practice is to use metadata variables. This allows for dynamic interface configuration while maintaining a single, consistent policy package for all branches.

Metadata variables in FortiManager enable interface roles and configurations to be dynamically assigned based on the specific FortiGate device.

This ensures scalability and consistent security policy enforcement across all branches without manually adjusting interface settings for each device.

When a new branch FortiGate is deployed, metadata variables automatically map to the correct physical interfaces, reducing manual configuration errors.

ADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) 2.0 is the optimal solution for enabling direct spoke-to-spoke communication without passing through the hub, while also allowing automatic link selection based on quality metrics.

Dynamic Direct Tunnels:

ADVPN 2.0 allows spokes to establish direct IPsec tunnels dynamically based on traffic patterns, reducing latency and improving performance.

Unlike static VPNs, spokes do not need to pre-configure tunnels for each other.

Automatic Link Optimization:

ADVPN 2.0 monitors the quality of multiple internet connections on each spoke.

It automatically switches to the best available connection when the primary link degrades or fails.

This is achieved by dynamically adjusting BGP-based routing or leveraging SD-WAN integration.