Eccouncil ICS-SCADA Exam Dumps

In network security, the stance on managing and assessing risk can vary widely depending on the security policies of an organization.

A 'Permissive' stance, often referred to as a default permit approach, allows all traffic unless it has been specifically blocked. This approach can be easier to manage from a usability standpoint but is less secure as it potentially allows unwanted or malicious traffic unless explicitly filtered.

This is in contrast to a more restrictive policy, which denies all traffic unless it has been explicitly permitted, typically seen in more secure environments.

Reference

'Network Security Basics,' by Cisco Systems.

'Understanding Firewall Policies,' by Fortinet.

To determine the correct Security Association (SA) in the context of IPsec, several elements are required:

SPI (Security Parameter Index): Uniquely identifies the SA.

Partner IP address: The address of the endpoint with which the SA is established.

Protocol: Specifies the type of security protocol used (e.g., AH or ESP). All these components collectively define and identify a specific SA for secure communication between parties. Reference:

RFC 4301, 'Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol'.

Nmap scripts, which are used to enhance the functionality of Nmap for performing network discovery, security auditing, and other tasks, have the extension .nse. This stands for Nmap Scripting Engine, which allows users to write scripts to automate a wide variety of networking tasks. Reference:

Nmap Network Scanning by Gordon Lyon (also known as Fyodor Vaskovich), detailing the use and examples of Nmap scripts.

The most common ICS/SCADA architecture typically includes two firewalls. This dual firewall configuration often involves one firewall placed between the enterprise network and the ICS/SCADA network, and another between the ICS/SCADA network and the plant floor devices. This arrangement, known as a 'demilitarized zone' (DMZ) between the two firewalls, adds an additional layer of security to help isolate and protect sensitive operational technology (OT) environments from threats originating from IT networks. Reference:

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 'Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security'.

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is designed to monitor network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and can perform several functions:

Monitor: Observing network traffic and system activities for unusual or suspicious behavior.

Detect: Identifying potential security breaches including both known threats and unusual activities that could indicate new threats.

Respond: Executing pre-defined actions to address detected threats, which can include alerts or triggering automatic countermeasures. Reference:

Cisco Systems, 'Intrusion Detection Systems'.