Cyber AB CMMC-CCP Exam Dumps

Understanding RA.L2-3.11.2: Vulnerability ScanningTheRA.L2-3.11.2practice requires organizations to:

Regularly scan for vulnerabilitiesin systems and applications.

Perform scans when new vulnerabilities are identified.

Use vulnerability scanning tools or servicesto proactively detect security weaknesses.

Anincident monitoring reporttrackssecurity incidents, notvulnerability scanning activities.

Vulnerability scanning reportsshould include:A list of vulnerabilities detected.Remediation actions taken.Scan frequency and schedule.

Theabsence of reported security incidentsdoesnotconfirm that vulnerability scans were performed.

Why Is an Incident Monitoring Report Irrelevant?

A . Inadequate because it is irrelevant to the practice Correct

Alack of reported security incidents does not confirm that vulnerability scanning was performed.

B . Adequate because it fits well for expected artifacts Incorrect

Incident monitoring reportsare not expected artifactsfor this control.Vulnerability scan reportsare required instead.

C . Adequate because no security incidents were reported Incorrect

The absence of incidents does not mean the OSC is performing vulnerability scanning. This isnot valid evidence.

D . Inadequate because the OSC's service provider should be interviewed Incorrect

While interviewing the provider may be useful, themain issue is that the provided evidence is irrelevant. Thecorrect evidence (vulnerability scan reports) is missing.

Why is the Correct Answer 'A. Inadequate because it is irrelevant to the practice'?

NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.11.2 -- Vulnerability Scanning)

Defines the requirement toscan for vulnerabilities periodically and when new threats emerge.

CMMC Assessment Guide for Level 2

Specifies that evidence for RA.L2-3.11.2 should includevulnerability scan reports, not incident monitoring reports.

CMMC 2.0 Model Overview

Confirms that organizationsmust proactively identify vulnerabilities through scanning, not just rely on incident detection.

CMMC 2.0 Reference Supporting This Answer:

Who is Responsible for Marking CUI?According toDoDI 5200.48 (Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)), the responsibility for marking CUI falls on theauthorized holder of the information.

Definition of an Authorized Holder

PerDoDI 5200.48, Section 3.4, anauthorized holderis anyone who has beengranted accessto CUI and is responsible for handling, safeguarding, and marking it according toDoD CUI policy.

The authorized holder may be:

ADoD employee

Acontractorhandling CUI

Anyorganization or individual authorizedto access and manage CUI

DoD Guidance on CUI Marking Responsibilities

DoDI 5200.48, Section 4.2:

The individual creating or handling CUImust apply the appropriate markings as per the DoD CUI Registry guidelines.

DoDI 5200.48, Section 5.2:

Themarking responsibility is NOT limited to a specific positionlike an Information Disclosure Official or a high-level DoD office.

Instead, it is theresponsibility of the person or entity generating, handling, or disseminatingthe CUI.

Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:

(A) DoD OUSD (Office of the Under Secretary of Defense):

The OUSD plays apolicy-setting rolebut doesnot directly mark CUI.

(C) Information Disclosure Official:

This role is responsible forpublic release of information, but marking CUI is the duty of theauthorized holdermanaging the data.

(D) Presidential authorized Original Classification Authority (OCA):

OCAs classifynational security information (Confidential, Secret, Top Secret), not CUI, which isnot classified information.

Step-by-Step Breakdown:Final Validation from DoDI 5200.48:PerDoDI 5200.48, authorized holders are explicitly responsible for marking CUI, making this the correct answer.

Planning and preparing for aCMMC assessmentinvolves collaboration between theassessorand theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)to determine scope, required evidence, and logistics. This planning process isdynamicand must adapt as new information emerges.

Assessment Scope and Requirements May Change

As assessors gather evidence and analyze the environment,new details about assets, networks, and security controlsmay require adjustments to the assessment plan.

TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guideemphasizes that assessmentrequirements and scope should be continuously reviewed and updatedto reflect real-time findings.

Assessors Follow an Adaptive Approach

DuringCMMC assessments, organizations may discover additionalFCI or CUI assets, which can change the required security practices to be evaluated.

Assessors shouldrevise the assessment approach accordinglyrather than strictly following an initial, unchangeable plan.

A . Scoping an assessment is easy and worry-freeIncorrect

Scoping is acritical and complex processthat requires careful evaluation of the OSC's information systems and assets.

CMMC Scoping Guidestates thatidentifying in-scope assets is crucial and requires significant effort.

B . The initial plan cannot be changed once agreed uponIncorrect

Theinitial assessment plan is a starting point, butit must be flexiblebased on real-time findings.

CMMC CAP Guideemphasizescontinuous refinementduring the assessment process.

C . There is a determined amount of time that the OSC's point of contact has to submit evidence and rough order-of-magnitudeIncorrect

While there aretimelines, the key focus is ensuring thatall necessary evidence is gathered accuratelyrather than rushing to meet a strict deadline.

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide-- States that assessment requirements and planning should be updated as additional information is gathered.

CMMC Scoping Guide (Nov 2021)-- Explains that assessors must continually refinein-scope assets and requirementsthroughout the process.

Why the Correct Answer is 'D'?Why Not the Other Options?Relevant CMMC 2.0 Reference:Final Justification:Assessment planning is a dynamic process.Assessors must continuously review and update the requirements and planas new information emerges, makingDthe correct answer.

Understanding CMMC 2.0 Incident Response PracticesTheIncident Response (IR) domaininCMMC 2.0 Level 2aligns withNIST SP 800-171, Section 3.6, which defines requirements forestablishing and maintaining an incident response capability.

The documentation provideddescribes an incident response capability that includes preparation, detection, analysis, containment, recovery, and user response activities.

IR.L2-3.6.1specifically requires organizations toestablish an incident handling processcovering:

Preparation

Detection & Analysis

Containment

Eradication & Recovery

Post-Incident Response

B . IR.L2-3.6.2: Incident Reporting (Incorrect)

Incident reporting focuses on reporting incidents to external parties (e.g., DoD, DIBNet),which isnot what the provided documentation describes.

C . IR.L2-3.6.3: Incident Response Testing (Incorrect)

Incident response testing ensures that the response process is regularly tested and evaluated,which isnot the primary focus of the documentation provided.

D . IR.L2-3.6.4: Incident Spillage (Incorrect)

Incident spillage specifically refers to CUI exposure or handling unauthorized CUI incidents,which isnot the scenario described.

The correct answer isA. IR.L2-3.6.1: Incident Handling, as the documentationattests to the establishment of an incident response capability.

CMMC 2.0 Level 2 Practices (NIST SP 800-171, Section 3.6)

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide

CA.L2-3.12.1:'Periodically assess the security controls in organizational systems to determine if the controls are effective in their application.'

This control is derived fromNIST SP 800-171, Requirement 3.12.1, which mandates organizations to performregular security control assessmentsto ensure compliance and effectiveness.

Evidence Review & Assessment Timeline:

The organization's procedureexplicitly statesthat security control assessments must be conductedquarterly(every three months).

Since the Lead Assessor only has access to thefirst-quarter report, the second-quarter report is missing at the time of assessment.

CMMC Audit Requirements:

For an assessor to rate a control asMET, sufficient evidence must bereadily availableat the time of evaluation.

Since the second-quarter report is missingat the time of assessment, the Lead Assessorcannot verify compliancewith the organization's own stated frequency of assessment.

Why the Answer is NOT A, C, or D:

A (Sufficient, MET)Incorrect: The control assessment frequency is quarterly, but the evidence for Q2 is not available. Compliance cannot be confirmed.

C (Sufficient, and re-rate later)Incorrect: If evidence is not available during the audit, the controlcannot be rated as MET initially. There is no provision in CMMC 2.0 to 'conditionally' pass a control pending future evidence.

D (Insufficient, but re-rate later)Incorrect: Once a control is ratedNOT MET, it staysNOT METuntil a re-assessment is conducted in a new audit cycle. The assessordoes not adjust ratings retroactivelybased on future evidence.

Control Reference: CA.L2-3.12.1Assessment Criteria & Justification for the Correct Answer:

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide (2023):

'For a control to be rated as MET, the assessed organization must provide sufficient evidence at the time of the assessment.'

'If evidence is missing or incomplete, the finding shall be rated as NOT MET.'

NIST SP 800-171A (Security Requirement Assessment Guide):

'Evidence must be current, relevant, and sufficient to demonstrate compliance with stated periodicity requirements.'

Since the procedure mandatesquarterly assessments, missing evidence means compliancecannot be validated.

DoD CMMC Scoping Guidance:

'Assessors shall base their determination on the evidence provided at the time of assessment. If required evidence is not available, the control shall be rated as NOT MET.'

Official CMMC 2.0 Reference Supporting the Answer:

Final Conclusion:Thecorrect answer is Bbecause the required evidence (the second-quarter report) is not availableat the time of assessment, making itinsufficientto validate compliance. The Lead Assessormust rate the control as NOT METin accordance with CMMC 2.0 assessment rules.